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TUTORING & WRITING CENTER

Chicago/Turabian Citation Guide
Websites

Webpage

For web pages with individual authors, cite them as you would a newspaper or magazine article.

If no publication or revision date is available, include the date you accessed the webpage.

In-text Citation Format:

...(Publishing Organization Year).

In-text Citation Example:

...(City of Saint Paul 2020).

Reference List Format:

Publishing Organization. Year of Publication or n.d. (if no date is available). "Title of Web Page." Published, Modified, or Accessed Month Day, Year. URL.

Reference List Example:

City of Saint Paul. 2020. "Coronavirus COVID-19." June 3, 2020. https://www.stpaul.gov/departments/emergency-management/coronavirus-covid-19.

Social Media Post

Citations of content shared through social media can usually be limited to just the in-text citation.

If a more formal citation is needed or to include a link, a reference list entry may be appropriate. In place of a title, quote up to the first 160 characters of the post. 

To cite a comment on a post, use the reference for the original post, clarify it is a comment, list the commenter's name, and include the date and time of the comment. 

In-text Citation Format:

...(Last Name Year).

In-text Citation Example:

...(Miranda 2020).

Reference List Format:

Last name, First name (@username). Year. "Title of post or first 160 characters." Social Media Platform, Date, URL.

Reference List Example:

Miranda, Lin-Manuel (@Lin_Manuel). 2020. "Gmorning. Check in w the family and friends who love you. Load up on the sustenance you need for this moment, this day, this life." Twitter, June 3, 2020,  https://twitter.com/Lin_Manuel/status/1268160863111970817.

Online Videos

If the first and last name of the creator is not provided, use their username. For videos on other websites, replace "YouTube" with the title of the website.

In-text Citation Format:

...(Last Name Year).

In-text Citation Example:

...(Oliver 2020).

Reference List Format:

Last name, First name. Year. "Title of Video." YouTube. Publication date. Video, length of video. URL.

Reference List Example:

Oliver, Jamie. 2020. "How to make Jamie's Lasagne." YouTube. May 31, 2020. Video, 5:46. https://youtu.be/GK7GObLUCWU.